Minerals are essential nutrients that fulfill various important functions in the body. They are involved in maintaining metabolism and play a crucial role in optimal health. Minerals are divided into two groups: Bulk elements and trace elements. Bulk elements include calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and phosphorus. These minerals are needed in large quantities and are important components of bones, teeth, muscles and other tissues. They are responsible for maintaining the electrolyte balance in the body and support the functions of the heart, nerves and muscles. Trace elements, on the other hand, are only needed in small quantities, but are nevertheless of great importance. These include, for example, iron, zinc, copper, manganese and selenium. These minerals have important functions in the metabolism and are components of many enzymes that are essential for the smooth running of chemical reactions in the body. They also play a role in the formation of hormones and are important for a functioning immune system. A lack of minerals can lead to various health problems. A well-known example is calcium deficiency, which can lead to bone loss (osteoporosis). An iron deficiency can also lead to anemia and manifest itself as tiredness, weakness and difficulty concentrating. A balanced diet rich in mineral-rich foods such as wholegrain products, fruit, vegetables and dairy products is therefore essential to ensure an adequate supply of minerals. Overall, minerals play a crucial role in health and should therefore be ensured in sufficient quantities through a balanced diet.
Important minerals and their functions
Calcium is largely responsible for the structure and stability of bones and teeth. It is also involved in muscle contraction and plays an important role in signal transmission between nerve cells. Iron is a component of the red blood pigment haemoglobin and is therefore essential for oxygen transport in the body. An iron deficiency can lead to tiredness, concentration problems and anemia. Magnesium is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions and plays an important role in energy production in our cells. It also supports muscle relaxation and is important for bone formation. Potassium regulates the water balance in the body and is essential for the function of nerve and muscle cells. It also plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and heart function. Sodium is involved in many metabolic processes and plays an important role in the nervous system. It is also responsible for the body’s water balance and helps to maintain blood pressure. Zinc is an important trace element and plays an important role in the immune system. It is also involved in cell division and the production of DNA. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and growth in the body. An iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid problems and metabolic disorders. Fluoride is important for the health of teeth and bones. It strengthens tooth enamel and can protect against tooth decay.