Macular degeneration is an eye disease in which the central visual acuity is impaired. The macula, also known as the yellow spot, is located in the area of sharpest vision in the eye. It is responsible for recognizing subtleties and details. In macular degeneration, this region is damaged, which leads to a significant impairment of vision. There are two main forms of macular degeneration: the dry and the wet form. The dry form is the more common of the two and usually occurs at an older age. In this form, deposits, known as drusen, form under the macula. This results in a gradual breakdown of the photoreceptors, which leads to a deterioration in vision. The wet form, on the other hand, is less common but more aggressive. Here, abnormal blood vessels grow under the macula, causing bleeding and fluid leakage more easily. This leads to a more rapid deterioration in vision. The symptoms of macular degeneration are varied. Some people find it difficult to read, as letters appear distorted or blurred. Recognizing faces or distinguishing colors can also be impaired. Central visual impairment often occurs, while peripheral vision remains intact. The exact reason for the development of macular degeneration is not yet fully understood. However, there are some factors that increase the risk of development, such as smoking, advanced age, hereditary predisposition and high blood pressure. A healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise can reduce the risk. Regular eye examinations are also important in order to detect changes at an early stage and treat them accordingly.